Although deforestation has been on the global political and social agenda for a number of decades, it is only now with the link between deforestation and climate change that there is new funding and a new awareness about the severity and consequences of the problem. With 20% of the world’s population relying directly on forests for their survival and the vital role forests play in our global ecosystem, this 21st century challenge is centred round the use of forests and how this use, and the ecosystem itself, is managed.